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add user

ARG USERNAME=user
ARG USER_UID=1000
ARG USER_GID=$USER_UID
RUN groupadd --gid $USER_GID $USERNAME \
    && useradd --uid $USER_UID --gid $USER_GID -m $USERNAME
USER $USERNAME

install packages

Fedora: 

COPY packages.txt /packages.txt
RUN dnf install -y $(cat /packages.txt) && sudo dnf clean all

Debian / Ubuntu: 

COPY packages.txt /packages.txt
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends $(cat /packages.txt) \
  && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*